We derive the weak field limit of scalar-Gauss-Bonnet theory and place novel
bounds on the parameter space using terrestrial and space-based experiments. In
order to analyze the theory in the context of a wide range of experiments, we
compute the deviations from Einstein gravity around source masses with planar,
cylindrical, and spherical symmetry. We find a correction to the Newtonian
potential around spherical and cylindrical sources that can be larger than PPN
corrections sufficiently close to the source. We use this to improve on
laboratory constraints on the scalar-Gauss-Bonnet coupling parameter $\Lambda$
by two orders of magnitude. Present laboratory and Solar System bounds reported
here are superseded by tests deriving from black holes.